Подводя итог моей проблеме, является то, что мой раздел /boot почти заполнен, но я не могу освободить его из-за некоторого цикла зависимостей.
Подробное описание:
Я использую Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS с почти полным разделом /boot
/boot is using 97.9% of 235MB
Мое ядро:
$ uname -r
3.16.0-39-generic
Это мои установленные ядра (по некоторым причинам используемое мной ядро не самое последнее):
$ sudo dpkg --list 'linux-image*'
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-=======================================-========================-========================-===================================================================================
un linux-image <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-image-3.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-33-generic 3.16.0-33.44~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-39-generic 3.16.0-39.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.16.0-41-generic 3.16.0-41.55~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
in linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic <none> amd64 (no description available)
ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-33-generic 3.16.0-33.44~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-extra-3.16.0-39-generic 3.16.0-39.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-extra-3.16.0-41-generic 3.16.0-41.57~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-extra-3.16.0-43-generic 3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-generic-lts-utopic 3.16.0.43.34 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
Пока все хорошо, теперь вы можете подумать «просто удалите ядра, которые вам не нужны, и все», получается, что я не могу удалить:
$ sudo apt-get -y purge
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-43-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic but it is not installed
linux-image-generic-lts-utopic : Depends: linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
Пытаясь удалить один пакет за раз, я получаю примерно то же самое:
$ sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic but it is not going to be installed
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-43-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic but it is not going to be installed
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic : Depends: linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic but it is not going to be installed
linux-image-generic-lts-utopic : Depends: linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
О'кей, давайте сделаем то, что предлагает Ubuntu, выполнив команду 'apt-get -f install' ... ну, бывает, что она не позволяет мне, потому что у меня недостаточно места:
$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-3.16.0-30 linux-headers-3.16.0-30-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-33 linux-headers-3.16.0-33-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-34 linux-headers-3.16.0-34-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-37 linux-headers-3.16.0-37-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-38 linux-headers-3.16.0-38-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-41 linux-headers-3.16.0-41-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-43 linux-headers-3.16.0-43-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic linux-image-3.16.0-33-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic linux-image-3.16.0-37-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-38-generic linux-image-3.16.0-41-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-33-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-37-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-38-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-41-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-43-generic
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
linux-generic-lts-utopic linux-headers-3.16.0-45
linux-headers-3.16.0-45-generic linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic
linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic linux-image-generic-lts-utopic
Suggested packages:
fdutils linux-lts-utopic-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed
linux-headers-3.16.0-45 linux-headers-3.16.0-45-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-generic-lts-utopic linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic
linux-image-generic-lts-utopic
3 to upgrade, 5 to newly install, 0 to remove and 78 not to upgrade.
21 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 63.5 MB/79.6 MB of archives.
After this operation, 325 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic amd64 3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1 [16.2 MB]
Get:2 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic amd64 3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1 [37.6 MB]
Get:3 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-generic-lts-utopic amd64 3.16.0.45.36 [1,802 B]
Get:4 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-image-generic-lts-utopic amd64 3.16.0.45.36 [2,280 B]
Get:5 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-headers-3.16.0-45 all 3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1 [9,052 kB]
Get:6 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-headers-3.16.0-45-generic amd64 3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1 [708 kB]
Get:7 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic amd64 3.16.0.45.36 [2,268 B]
Fetched 63.5 MB in 1s (50.7 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic.
(Reading database ... 290402 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic_3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Done.
Unpacking linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic (3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic_3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
cannot copy extracted data for './boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-45-generic' to '/boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-45-generic.dpkg-new': failed to write (No space left on device)
No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.16.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-45-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.16.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-45-generic
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic_3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-generic (3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-generic-lts-utopic_3.16.0.45.36_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-generic-lts-utopic (3.16.0.45.36) over (3.16.0.43.34) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-generic-lts-utopic_3.16.0.45.36_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-generic-lts-utopic (3.16.0.45.36) over (3.16.0.43.34) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-3.16.0-45.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-3.16.0-45_3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-3.16.0-45 (3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-3.16.0-45-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-3.16.0-45-generic_3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-3.16.0-45-generic (3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic_3.16.0.45.36_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic (3.16.0.45.36) over (3.16.0.43.34) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic_3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Done.
Unpacking linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic (3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic_3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
cannot copy extracted data for './boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-43-generic' to '/boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-43-generic.dpkg-new': failed to write (No space left on device)
No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.16.0-43-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-43-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.16.0-43-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-43-generic
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic_3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1_amd64.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic_3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
Знаете ли вы какой-нибудь способ решить эту проблему?